The Cloud Act authorizes the U.S. government to enter into executive agreements with other nations, so long as listed privacy and human rights protections are built into those agreements. One prime requirement is that the non-U.S. government request for criminal evidence “shall be subject to review or oversight by a court, judge, magistrate, or other independent authority prior to, or in proceedings regarding, enforcement of the order.” This requirement of “review or oversight” by a judicial officer could split the world into two categories – countries who use judicial process to get evidence (such as many EU countries), and countries who do not. To date, some observers have assumed that the latter countries are simply not eligible for a Cloud Act executive agreement.